![]() ![]() Traditional air cooling in data centers is quite inefficient, with over 400 trillion BTUs of heat wasted every year and generates a massive carbon footprint. And a lot of this energy consumption is spent not on powering the computer hardware itself, but on facility costs – mainly air conditioning. It is estimated that data centers now consume more than 2% of world’s electricity: around 272 billion kWh. What’s more, cooling fans also cause vibration which can result in damage to other components within the server and create dangerous noise levels for maintenance workers. Expensive real estate is also driving data centers to increase computing density per square foot, creating more of a cooling problem as hardware is jammed closer together with less space for air flow. The demand for greater computing power delivered by these data centers is also increasing, using ever more powerful new chips from Intel, AMD and NVIDIA that generate more heat, and server systems that pack multiple numbers of these chips into a single chassis. ![]() That's a really ham-fisted explanation, but I hope it gives you some sort of picture of the situation.As the trend towards cloud computing is skyrocketing and demand is increasing for products and services enabled by Artificial Intelligence (AI), High Performance Computing (HPC) and the Internet of Things (IoT), the number of large, centralized data centers worldwide is also growing. The bandwidth for the serial link is the same, but speeds can be increased, as there are fewer lanes that need to arrive at the same time. The speeds must be lower, otherwise it would be really hard for each car in each lane to get from point A to point B at exactly the same time.Ī 2-lane highway has a speed limit of 80mph, representing a serial link. With regards to speed, take a look at this analogy:Īn 8-lane highway with a speed limit of 20mph represents a parallel link. Again, placement and arrangement get more complex, and tolerances are reduced as speed increases. This gets more difficult as you increase the speed. ![]() You need to guarantee that the signal in each line arrives on time, every time. The problem with parallel buses is that as you increase the speed, you increase problems associated with clock skew. ![]()
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February 2023
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